Window Layout

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The main window of Micrometrics™ SE is partitioned into many interface elements, in addition to the usual menus and toolbars [1], there are Field Group [2], Help Desk [3], Database Window [4], Image Tab [5], Image Window [6], Measurement Result Window [7] and a rich status bar [8].

Field Group looks like a gallery where thumbnails are displayed, but in Micrometrics™ SE it also acts as a buffer to hold a group of related images, for example, images captured at various positions of a single specimen, or images acquired for a particular test. After an image is grabbed from the camera, it is appended to Field Group. An image in Field Group can be brought to Image Window by double click on its thumbnail. Double click on the Image Window also appends the image to Field Group. Many interesting operations can be performed with the help of Field Group infrastructure.

Help Desk explains automatically all functions that require more than a single click of mouse button. For example, Micrometrics™ SE can be used to determine a circle by 3 points it passes through. As soon as you click on the menu item or toolbar button, a short text explaining what you are supposed to do next with the mouse is given in Help Desk.

Database Window is where you work with the built-in database of Micrometrics™ SE where images, measurements, comments, date and author information are stored, retrieved, queried and deleted. Unlike other windows Database Window has its own menu while the main menu may only duplicate part of the Database menu.

Image Tab is a convenient means of switching among many Image Windows. You can activate a window, no matter it is displaying a live or still image, by simply clicking on its tab. Of course the “Window” menu as of a more traditional program is still available.

Image Window shows a live or still image. When an image is loaded from disk or database, it will be displayed in a new Image Window. Upon start up Micrometrics™ SE automatically creates a blank Image Window for use with live image display and frame capture. Of course you can always create such a window at any time by selecting File → New for Capture.

Measurement Result Window holds the measured parameters for the active image. When an image is loaded from database, all measurement information is also displayed in the list within Measurement Result Window. When you switch to another image, the content of the list is synchronized automatically. The list, or a portion of it, can be dragged to some external programs such as MS Excel.

As in other programs, Micrometrics™ SE displays prompts on the leftmost part of its status bar. However, Micrometrics™ SE expands the status bar to provide a rich set of information on the active image, including position of the pixel under mouse pointer relative to upper left corner of the image, its red, green and blue component, its corresponding hue, saturation and intensity values, the phase it belongs to, magnification settings and the physical width and height of the image.

An image window can be maximized, minimized or in normal state. An image window can also be active or inactive. An active image window has its title displayed in the caption of main window. An active image window in minimized or normal state also has its caption bar highlighted. You can activate an image window by clicking on its caption, tab or anywhere within. The Active Image refers to the image in the active image window.

Imaging

 

Work Flow

To work with imaging functions, first you need to select File → Toggle Live to turn on video preview, and then you select File → Capture to acquire a frame from video stream and store it in Field Group. When it is necessary to exert any control over the camera you can select File → Camera Control. Note you are able to capture an image only when video preview is on. Select File → Toggle Live again to shut down the camera.

Micrometrics™ SE employs an empty Image Window for video preview and image capture. Upon start such an empty image window is created automatically. If for some reason you have closed all of these empty windows you can manually create a new one by selecting File → New for Capture. For any of the imaging functions to work, an empty window must be the active window.

Camera Selection

Micrometrics™ SE provides native control of two types of cameras: Micrometrics™ 122CU and Micrometrics™ 517CU. Upon startup of Micrometrics™ SE, if only one of these cameras is connected to the computer, that camera will be activated automatically; if more than one camera are connected, you will be prompted to select one camera to use during the session.

Toggle Live - Video Preview

You may select File → Toggle Live to start up or shut down live image display. Two modes of video preview are provided: browsing mode and focusing mode. In browsing mode, you will see the full field of view: live image will be stretched or shrunk to fit to the size of Image Window. Of course it aspect ratio is always retained. In focusing mode, depending on the resolution of the camera and computer screen, you may see only part of the live image. However, here one pixel on camera sensor corresponds exactly to one pixel on computer screen, so that you are able to find the best focus. In browsing mode, the scroll bars of Image Window are removed to fully exploit the display area. In focusing mode, you can use the scroll bars and a specific set of commands to move to different parts of the live image. This dual-mode video preview is especially useful to the high-resolution cameras since in all modes highest frame rates are archived.

Capture - Image Acquisition

You can select File → Capture to acquire a frame from the current video stream. For this command to work the live image must be toggled on. The captured image is appended to Field Group. If you need to examine this image in full resolution, double click on its thumbnail in Field Group. You can apply all processing on this image and can return to live image by simply clicking on its tab.

Camera Control

Micrometrics™ 122CU is a “smart” camera. It has three very nice features which make the operation of the camera almost trivial. These features are continuous auto exposure, continuous auto white balance, and continuous auto dark region boost. In most cases you would not need to modify its control parameters. This camera is ideal for teaching and routine lab work.

Micrometrics™ 517CU intends for professional image documentation. The acquired images may be subject to advanced processing which requires that images be captured with certain control parameters set in specific manner. For example, many image restoration algorithms accept images only of a unity Gamma value. In this case you need to have exact control over the camera.

Note that cameras see the world differently from human eyes and there can be times when a smart camera like Micrometrics™ 122CU makes a mistake. When this happens or when you need to manually control the camera, you will select File → Camera Control to bring out a dialog box where the camera parameters and states can be designated. Depending on which camera you have specified in Camera Selection, different dialog boxes may appear.

Regardless of the type of the camera connected to computer, you can always adjust Gamma value, exposure time, saturation, gains for each color channel and so on. The effect is immediately visible on the live image. After you are satisfied with the outcome, you can dismiss the dialog box. New settings will be saved quietly for subsequent sessions.

System Calibration

It is necessary to calibrate an installation of Micrometrics™ SE before it is used for measurement or printing purpose. It is also necessary to redo the calibration whenever you mount an existing camera onto a new microscope or replace an existing camera by a new type of camera.

Micrometrics™ SE requires a one-time calibration for each combination of microscope and camera type. The metric information is stored quietly for present and later uses. Micrometrics™ SE provides a mechanism to account for various magnifications so it does not require multiple calibrations for the same microscope-camera system.

To calibrate the system, first capture an image of a micrometer using the above mentioned image acquisition procedure. There are many forms of micrometers, for example, equally spaced parallel lines with known distance between any two lines, or circles of known diameters. In fact, any image where the distance between given two pixels is known will serve such purpose. Below are two examples.

　

                                                 

With the micrometer image in the active image widow, select Adjust → Micrometer → Calibrate… to begin the calibration. Click on the start point of the line segment of known length, which can be a tick on a regular micrometer, or any point on a calibration circle. Micrometrics™ SE will draw a rubber-band line connecting the start point and the current mouse position. Then click on the end point to bring out the following dialog box.

                          

You can then type in the length of the line segment in microns and the intended total magnification. Note length has nothing to do with magnification, it is the true dimension. Magnification should including contributions from the objective, ocular and possibly intermediate lenses. Such a setting is mainly useful to printing images to provide a correspondence between printed images and the images observed thought oculars and is not used in actual measurement.

Press OK button to confirm the calibration, then the metrical information is calculated by Micrometrics™ SE and stamped onto the current image. From then on, each newly captured image is automatically calibrated.

When you are about to change magnification of microscope, you need to select Adjust → Magnification… to bring up the following dialog box.

                      

 

The original magnification is initially displayed in the dialog box, simply type in the new value and press OK button. The system will adjust to the new setting from now on.

 

File Operations

To save the active image onto disk, select File → Save. The pictorial data along with metrical and magnifying settings will all be stored in native format with file extension “sif”. This is the standard behavior on Windows platform.

Micrometrics™ SE supports many common image formats. If you wish to save the image in a format other than the native one, you need to select File → Save As. In the dialog box appears specify the desired file format. Note if you use a common image file format such as Windows Bitmap, all information other than the pictorial data will be lost. If you save in JPEG format, some pictorial details may also be lost, although Micrometrics™ SE always applies the least compression.

Micrometrics™ SE supports loading multiple images in various formats simultaneously. Select File → Open to bring up the standard dialog box where you browse to the destination folder and choose as many as supported files as you wish. Press Open button to load them into newly created image windows. Or you just select the files in Windows Explorer or File Manager and drag them to Micrometrics™ SE.

If you open a native Micrometrics™ image file, i.e. a file with a “sif” extension, its metrical information, magnification settings and possibly previous measurement results and graphical overlays are loaded too. If you open a common image file, each pixel is assumed 1 micron in size and the magnification is set to 100X.

 Processing

In its narrow sense, image processing refers to a transform of an image into another. All such functions of Micrometrics™ SE are located in two menu groups, Adjust and Enhancement. As their names imply, they are tools to adjust the brightness, color, orientation and so on of an image or to enhance an image in specific ways. The Min, Max and Average commands within Field menu may also work to create an image from two or more images.

Categories

Most of image processing commands can be executed by simply selecting menu items or clicking the corresponding toolbar buttons if available. The behavior of some of these commands may be customized by respective separate commands which bring up dialog boxes with entries for configuration. The above two types of commands are referred to as Category 1 and Category 2 commands.

The menu item Adjust → Interactive brings up a dialog box and operates on the active image from the dialog. This command belongs to Category 3. The other command in this category is Adjust → Image Gamma.

The menu item Enhance → Color Balance starts a processing that requires an additional mouse click to finish. After selecting the menu item or clicking on the corresponding toolbar button, the mouse cursor changes its shape to a suction tube to indicate the processing in progress. Click on a pixel that should be colorless and the color aberrations will be corrected accordingly. This command belongs to Category 4 and is the only command in this category.

The following table summarizes the command categories:

 

Category	Menu	Menu Item	Customizing Command
4	Adjust	Color Balance
3		Image Gamma…
		Interactive…
2		More → Intensity	Increment Options…
		More → Saturation
		More → Hue
		Less → Intensity
		Less → Saturation
		Less → Hue
1		Mirror → Horizontal
		Mirror → Vertical
		Mirror → Diagonal
		Rotate → Counterclockwise 90 degree
		Rotate → Clockwise 90 degree
		Rotate → 180 degree
2	Enhance	Flatfield Correction	Flatfield Correction Options
1		Denoise
		Remove Bad Pixels
2		Unsharp	Unsharp Options
1		Max Contrast
		Sketch
		Adaptive Edge Emphasis
		Equalization
		Amplitude Depletion
		Darkfield
1		Photometric Transform→ Monochrome
		Photometric Transform→ Negative

Functions

01. Hue, Saturation and Intensity

Each of these values is in the range 0~255. A channel may be changed independently of other channels while the adjustment uniformly applies to all pixels in the image. Note hue is cyclic with a period of 256. When saturation or intensity is set to a value greater than 255 or less than 0 it will be clipped.

Interactive

Adjust → Interactive

This command is a WYSIWYG means of adjusting each channel of the active image according to HSI model of digital images. When you select the menu item or click on the corresponding toolbar button, a dialog box appears as shown below.

            When you drag the sliders on the dialog box, all modifications are instantly reflected on the image, regardless of its resolution.

By a predefined step

Adjust → More → Hue

Adjust → More → Saturation

Adjust → More → Intensity

Adjust → Less → Hue

Adjust → Less → Saturation

Adjust → Less → Intensity

The commands in this group are convenient means of applying a uniform increment of a certain channel to more than one image. The step size of each of the above commands is defined in Adjust → Increment Options…which brings up the following dialog box.

                     

New values for hue, saturation and intensity increments may be specified separately and will be effective in the execution of next command. The step size should be non-negative integer less than 256. These parameters will be remembered across sessions until you change them again.

02. Orientation

Rotating an image by 90, 180, 270 degrees or flipping an image vertically or horizontally or both causes no lose of details. This group of functions is self-explanatory.

Rotate

Adjust → Rotate → Counterclockwise 90 degree

Adjust → Rotate → Clockwise 90 degree

Adjust → Rotate → 180 degree

Flip

Adjust → Mirror → Vertical

Adjust → Mirror → Horizontal

Adjust → Mirror → Diagonal

03. Illumination Correction

When the specimen is not illuminated uniformly across the whole field of view, it is often necessary to correct this unevenness for either aesthetic or computational purpose. The following command is a convenient means of uneven illumination correction. No reference images are needed, this command attempts to infer the illumination condition from the given image alone.

Enhance → Flatfield Correction

To customize, select Enhance → Flatfield Correction Options… to bring up the following dialog.

                       

The Homogenous Radius is a value to indicate illumination variation. A great value means a slight change of light intensity and a small value means an abrupt change. The default value 31 usually works well but you may experiment for an optimal setting.

04. Noise Suppression

It is possible to correct, to a certain extent, the random deviation of pixels from their true values.

Enhance → Denoise

You may execute this command more than once to suppress severe noise.

05. Malfunctioning Pixels

Some pixels of the camera sensor may not be functioning properly. The following command is provided to detect and replace bad pixels by reasonable approximations.

Enhance → Remove Bad Pixels

06. Unsharp Masking Filter

This is a classic image enhancement method extended and generalized. To uncover minute details execute command.

Enhance → Unsharp.

For the full power of this function, you may select Enhance → Unsharp Options… to bring out and fill the following dialog.

                         

Mask Radius determine the size of the spatial filter kernel to separate the image into low-frequency and high-frequency parts. The default value of 11 should work fine in most cases but you may specify a greater integer for a lower cutoff frequency or a smaller integer for a higher frequency.

Latitude Reduction is a real number between 1 and 0 to indicate the degree of shrinkage of total dynamic range of the image. With a smaller overall dynamic range local features are displayed with more contrast.

High Boost is a real number no less than 1. In contrast to reduction of dynamic range, a greater value of High Boost enhances the details directly.

Also specify a value within the range 0~1 for Combine, which dictates the way how the enhanced part of the image is projected back to the unchanged part. A value of 0 means the enhancement is independent of original pixel value while a value of 1 means the greater pixel value is modified to a greater degree.

It is advised to keep the default values for the last three parameters. You may execute the command more than one time for a greater degree of enhancement.  

07. Maximum Contrast

The following command may extend an image to its maximum contrast without loss of information whatsoever.

Enhance → Max Contrast

08. Sketch

This command creates a pencil drawing from an image.

Enhance → Sketch

09. Edge Emphasis

Human eyes are most responsive to edges contained in an image and noise in flat areas. The following command boosts edge while leaving smooth area unchanged.

Enhance → Adaptive Edge Emphasis

10. Equalization

Histogram equalization is one of the basic image contrasting techniques. It works by re-arrange the intensities of each pixel so that number of pixels is roughly the same for each intensity value. The following command implements this operation.

Enhance → Equalization

11. Amplitude Depletion

An image is often interpreted as a distribution of light intensities. Another, perhaps more useful understanding is a distribution of patterns of various amplitudes. When the relative strength of the patterns is ignored, the pattern themselves are revealed in the maximum possible way. The following command is for this purpose.

Enhance → Amplitude Depletion

12. Darkfield Simulation

The darkfield imaging mode helps reveal height variations of the specimen surface. If you have only brightfield mode on your microscope you may simulate a darkfield image from a brightfield image using the following command.

Enhance → Darkfield

13. Color Balance

A color camera records only relative intensities of light in three frequency bands and may not correspond exactly to human perception. It is advised to adjust the camera gain settings to match the digital image to optical image we see through oculars, if possible. There are also occasions where the light source temperature shows on the specimen which we want to remove. The following command is designed for post-capture color balancing.

Enhance → Color Balance

For this command to work, you will need to pick out a pixel within the image which should be gray but which now shows a tint. The light source or camera aberrations could then be inferred and corrected.

14. Photometric Transform

When it is necessary to convert a color image to a monochromatic representation or to convert an image to its negative, you may use the following commands.

Enhance → Photometric Transform → Monochrome

Enhance → Photometric Transform → Negative

15. Gamma Correction

Adjust → Image Gamma

This command is initially designed to undo the none-unity Gamma setting of the camera. However, it is useful simply as an image Gamma adjustment tool or even an image enhancement tool. For example, when you set Gamma value below unity the dark regions of the image will be more visible.

This command works on the image in an interactive manner with the following dialog box.

 

Again when you drag the slider the effect of Gamma correction is instantly reflected on the image.

 

 Printing

Micrometrics™ SE provides 4 printing methods. You may access 3 of them through File → Print XXX menu items. The last method is called embedded printing and as such is not directly listed in the menu. To print with this method, you can drag a Micrometrics™ native image file (*.sif) to a word processor or publishing program. The size of the image will be retained when printed from this foreign program. You can also open this image in an active image window, then select Edit → Copy to Clipboard and then insert it into a destination document using Edit → Paste command of the host program.

The first 3 methods are for printing directly from Micrometrics™ SE. Before a printing job, select File → Print Image Layout… to specify the way images are to be printed.

                            

As is shown in the dialog box, you can specify whether to print all opened images or the active image only. If the first mode of image alignment is designated, all images currently loaded will be automatically aligned and printed. If these images require more than one sheet of paper to print, pagination is automatic too. The last two modes of alignment apply to printing a single image, i.e. the active image. If CAP is specified, the image will be placed at a specific position within the paper. This mode is useful to printing a report, where the standard text is already on the paper. The last mode, CFP, is for printing the active image on the photo paper. The image will be printed on the upper half of the paper, automatically fit to the paper size while keeping aspect ratio. This is a paper-saving mode, as most commonly used paper is of an aspect ratio of 3:2, where nearly all image format of camera is of aspect ratio of 4:3. When printing is done in portrait mode, one sheet of paper holds exactly two images. When you are done with printing the first image, feed the paper in reverse direction for the second.

 

For the first two modes of alignment, a zoom ratio can also be instructed. For CAP, the position of upper left corner of the image, relative to the upper left corner of the paper, in millimeters, should also be specified.

 

Image layouts will be used across sessions. Unless you need to switch to another mode, it is not necessary to bring up the dialog box again. Once layout is defined, you may start to print images as you do in any other programs. Select File → Print Setup to specify printer, paper and orientation. Select File → Print Preview to preview the printing if you wish. Finally Select File → Print for the planned printing job.

 

Measurement

Micrometrics™ SE provides an enhanced set of tools for planimetry. All such functions are contained in Measure menu, but most often measurement may be done conveniently by clicking on corresponding toolbar buttons and subsequent mouse actions on the active image.

General Rules

Normally you select an appropriate menu item to start the measurement procedure, which either ends naturally or is stopped by right button double click.

Each successful measurement will be marked on the image. For example when we are determining a radius, the corresponding circle and a line of text describing the value of radius will be superimposed on the image. This is a graphical layer and it does not interfere with image processing.  We call it overlay in Micrometrics™. A micrometer burned onto image is also in this layer.

You can choose to show or hide overlay but selecting View → Overlay. You can also change the overlay color by selecting View → Overlay Color. Finally, you may change the overlay text font size and line width to use in subsequent measurement by selecting View → Overlay Size.

If a measurement produces a numerical output, the measured quantities will be appended to the list in the Measurement Result Window. The list, or a portion of it, can be selected and dragged to a foreign program which supports the notion of lists or tables. In this way, for example, you may use MS Excel for further statistics and analysis of your measurement.

You can remove all contents of the overlay and empty the list in Measurement Result Window by selecting Measure → Reset.

For measurement functions, selecting Measure → Abort has the same effect as right button double click on the image being measured.

In all measurement procedures of Micrometrics™ the basic length unit is micron.

Categories

Micrometrics™ SE measurement functions fall into three categories. The first category includes commands to create grids on an image and a touch count tool, which duplicates the conventional microscopic image analysis but is more flexible. The second category has only one function, profiling light intensity along a horizontal line of pixels. This is useful to a graphical visualization of an image. The third category contains direct measurement commands, giving quantitative results on length, perimeter and area and so on.

Both the first and the third categories of measurement require calibration of the system. For an image to be measured correctly it must have been captured by a calibrated system.

Functions

Grid

You can select Measure → Grid → Line to superimpose a rectangular lattice on the active image, or select Measure → Grid → Circle to overlay co-centric circles. The spacing between lines or circles can be defined by filling a dialog box which can be brought up by selecting Measure → Grid Options… as is shown below.

 

 

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Touch Count

Micrometrics™ SE provides a simple touch count function for use with grids to complete the planimetry of micrographs. Select Measure → Counting to start marking the interesting positions. At each mouse click a small circle is drawn over the position to acknowledge the counting. When you finish counting double click right mouse button. All visited positions are then numbered. The grid and counting combined may be employed to accomplish all traditional planimetry in a much easier way.

Light Density

To create a profile of a horizontal line of pixels of an image, select Measure → Light Density and move the mouse pointer to the desired line and click. For more accurate positioning, you can drag the mouse, i.e. move the mouse while pressing down its left button. The profile will then be updated as you move the mouse until you release the left button. You can create more than one profile by clicking/dragging more than once.

Angle

Select Measure → Angle to start marking and measuring an angle. Click on three points on the image. The angle made by the line passing the 1^st and 2^nd points and the line passing the 2^nd and 3^rd points will be given.

Radius

Select Measure → Circle from 3 Points to begin. Click on three points in the image window. If these three points are not co-linear, a circle passing these three points will be created and its radius given.

Line Length

Select Measure → Polyline to start marking points in the image window by clicks. End this process by right button double click or selecting Measure → Abort. The total and average length of all line segments made by consecutive points will be given.

Diameter

Select Measure → Caliper and click over one of the ending points. While you move the mouse to the other ending point, a rubber-band with two perpendicular sidebars will be drawn and updated constantly. Use this as feedback to position the mouse pointer until you click on the other ending point. The diameter or distance is then computed.

Area and Perimeter

You can define a closed shape by either mouse drag or clicks. In either case the area and perimeter of the closed shape are given. The drag method is more convenient and the click method is good for precise control of drawing.

Drag

Select Measure → Area Perimeter then drag the mouse over the boundary of a particular feature within the image. When mouse button is released the shape is automatically completed by a line connecting the two positions where the left mouse button is pressed and released.

Click

Select Measure → Polygon to start clicking on the boundary of a feature within image. Double click right button to stop. The shape is automatically closed by a line connecting the first click position and the last click position.

Database

　

The built-in database starts up and shuts down automatically with Micrometrics™ SE. It is not necessary to explicitly specify the database file as there is only one database associated with each installation of Micrometrics™ SE.

The database manages for each image its pictorial data, metrical information, magnification settings, overlay graphics and texts, measured parameters, operator/author name, date and time of creation, user-specified caption and a line of text description. In database terminology each of these categories is called a field and all these fields for an image constitute a record. The caption uniquely identifies each record. When trying to save to the database a new image with the same caption, you will be prompted either for a new caption or to replace the existing record.

The menu and toolbar for database operations are located within the database window. Main menu duplicate part of database menu but not all database commands are accessible from main menu. All database commands can be executed from this database window alone. Please refer to the following figure for the location of database window.

To Store Select Database → Store… or click on the 1^st button of the database window to bring up the following dialog box.

You normally designate a unique caption for each record, unless you intend to replace the old record already in database. If the active image was loaded from database the caption initially displayed is the original one. If the active image was loaded from a disk file, the caption is the file name. Otherwise the caption is image window title.

Date field is filled with current settings of the computer running Micrometrics™ SE. If you need to change it, refer to the following procedure.

The Author and Description are optional. However, they provide useful hints for use with searching among many images. When you finish with these 4 fields you may press Add button to start the storing. If the caption you have specified matches another one in the database, the following message box appears.

 

Press “Yes” to replace the old record or “No” to give up the operation.

To Load

Click on the record, i.e. a row of the list in database window, to select the image. Then similarly to the above storing procedure, select Database → Load menu or click on the 2^nd button of the image window. The image is then loaded into Micrometrics™ SE image window and is made the active image. If the image was previously measured, all graphical overlays will also be shown on the image and parameters will be displayed in measurement result window. The status bar will switch to display the metrical and magnifying information and so on for this newly loaded image.

To Delete

Click on the record and select Database → Delete menu or click on the 3^rd button of the database window. The removal of this record from database is permanent.

To Query

Upon start up the database window lists all records already in database. You can sort this list based on date of creation or dictionary order of Caption, Author or Description text simply by click on the corresponding column header. It is also possible to create a new list by query commands. Once the new list is prepared, you can load or delete a record in it as described before.

To find a record currently stored in the database, you need to provide a hint as which field the search should be based upon. You can designate Data, Author or Description. These were the information the creator of this record specified when he/she stored the image into database. When you choose Data, two edit boxes appear after the buttons of the database window where you need to input a time interval. When you choose Author or Description, one edit box appears where you need to specify one or more keywords. Finally click on the 5^th button of database window to create a list of found records. You can restore the list to its original state by selecting Database → Refresh or clicking on the 4^th button of database window.

ANALOG CAMERAS

 

 

	High End Cased Color Cameras Sentech color cameras are quite possibly the best single chip color cameras on the market today.  Sentech color cameras feature: 1/2", 1/3", or 1/4" CCD's A user programmable, 3rd generation 10 bit DSP (Digital Signal Processing) Exceptional color reproduction Very quiet image NTSC or PAL Formats Six different configurations to meet your camera needs
STC-620/630/640 (High Resolution) STC-530/540 (Standard Resolution)

(Click to View Models) >>>

A Model

AS Model

CC Model

CT Model

BT Model

BJ Model

High Resolution Models:

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Camera Series	CCD	TV Lines	NTSC	PAL
STC-620 Series	1/2" CCD	480 TVL	768(H) x 494(V) pixels	752(H) x 582(V) pixels
STC-630 Series	1/3" CCD	480 TVL	768(H) x 494(V) pixels	752(H) x 582(V) pixels
STC-640 Series	1/4" CCD	480 TVL	768(H) x 494(V) pixels	752(H) x 582(V) pixels

Standard Resolution Models:

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Camera Series	CCD	TV Lines	NTSC	PAL
STC-530 Series	1/3" CCD	380 TVL	510(H) x 494(V) pixels	512(H) x 582(V) pixels
STC-540 Series	1/4" CCD	380 TVL	510(H) x 494(V) pixels	512(H) x 582(V) pixels

General Specifications:

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Image Sensor:	Interline Transfer CCD
Signal Format:	NTSC or PAL
Processing:	10 bit DSP (user programmable)
Horizontal Frequency:	15.734kHz
Vertical Frequency:	59.9 Hz
Sync. System:	Internal for A, AS, BJ, BT Models (CC and CT Models have both Internal and External)
Minimum Illumination:                         STC-530:                         STC-620:                         STC-630:	.34 Lux at F1.2 (AGC-ON) (50 IRE) .72 Lux at F1.2 (AGC-ON) (50 IRE) .64 Lux at F1.2 (AGC-ON) (50 IRE)
S/N Ratio:	More than 48dB (AGC-OFF)
Gamma:	0.45 or 1.0 (DSP Adjustable)
White Balance:	ATW / Manual
AGC:	ON /OFF Selectable, 0dB to 12dB Range
Electronic Shutter:	Electronic Shutter1/60 to 1/10,000
Fixed Shutter:	Low Speed: 2FLD -16FLD (8 steps) High Speed: 1/60 - 1/10,000 (8 steps)
Video Out:	1.0Vp-p 75 ohms
Y/C Out:	Y/C Output 0.7 Vp-p 75 ohms
Back Light:	Back Light Compensation at Electronic Shutter
Negative / Positive:	Selectable
Power Supply:	DC 12V
Power Compensation:	250mA
Operating Temperature:	-10°C ~ 45°C (14°F ~ 113°F)
Dimensions:	51(W) x 51(H) x 55.5(D) (2" x 2" x 2.2")
Weight:	205 g (7.2 oz.)